Thursday, May 8, 2014

Jesus Proclaims His Deity: Relationship to the Father

Note: For the next three posts, we’ll be looking at Jesus’ response to the Jews (Pharisees) for the charge against healing the invalid man on the Sabbath. I’ll be posting the entire discussion, but will break it into three segments. As always, to properly discuss Scripture, we must keep it in context, so I encourage you to read the entire passage with each post. Of course, the first 15 verses of John 5 are also part of the context because the healing of the invalid man is what instigates the following encounter with the Jews. So keep all this in mind as you read.

The Passage
John 5:16-47
16 For this reason the Jews persecuted Jesus, and sought to kill Him, because He had done these things on the Sabbath. 17 But Jesus answered them, “My Father has been working until now, and I have been working.”
18 Therefore the Jews sought all the more to kill Him, because He not only broke the Sabbath, but also said that God was His Father, making Himself equal with God. 19 Then Jesus answered and said to them, “Most assuredly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He sees the Father do; for whatever He does, the Son also does in like manner. 20 For the Father loves the Son, and shows Him all things that He Himself does; and He will show Him greater works than these, that you may marvel. 21 For as the Father raises the dead and gives life to them, even so the Son gives life to whom He will. 22 For the Father judges no one, but has committed all judgment to the Son, 23 that all should honor the Son just as they honor the Father. He who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent Him.
24 “Most assuredly, I say to you, he who hears My word and believes in Him who sent Me has everlasting life, and shall not come into judgment, but has passed from death into life. 25 Most assuredly, I say to you, the hour is coming, and now is, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God; and those who hear will live. 26 For as the Father has life in Himself, so He has granted the Son to have life in Himself, 27 and has given Him authority to execute judgment also, because He is the Son of Man. 28 Do not marvel at this; for the hour is coming in which all who are in the graves will hear His voice 29 and come forth—those who have done good, to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil, to the resurrection of condemnation. 30 I can of Myself do nothing. As I hear, I judge; and My judgment is righteous, because I do not seek My own will but the will of the Father who sent Me.
31 “If I bear witness of Myself, My witness is not true. 32 There is another who bears witness of Me, and I know that the witness which He witnesses of Me is true. 33 You have sent to John, and he has borne witness to the truth. 34 Yet I do not receive testimony from man, but I say these things that you may be saved. 35 He was the burning and shining lamp, and you were willing for a time to rejoice in his light. 36 But I have a greater witness than John’s; for the works which the Father has given Me to finish—the very works that I do—bear witness of Me, that the Father has sent Me. 37 And the Father Himself, who sent Me, has testified of Me. You have neither heard His voice at any time, nor seen His form. 38 But you do not have His word abiding in you, because whom He sent, Him you do not believe. 39 You search the Scriptures, for in them you think you have eternal life; and these are they which testify of Me. 40 But you are not willing to come to Me that you may have life.
41 “I do not receive honor from men. 42 But I know you, that you do not have the love of God in you. 43 I have come in My Father’s name, and you do not receive Me; if another comes in his own name, him you will receive. 44 How can you believe, who receive honor from one another, and do not seek the honor that comes from the only God? 45 Do not think that I shall accuse you to the Father; there is one who accuses you—Moses, in whom you trust. 46 For if you believed Moses, you would believe Me; for he wrote about Me. 47 But if you do not believe his writings, how will you believe My words?”

Explanation
Context. Context. Context. To rightly interpret Scripture (2 Timothy 2:15) we must be diligent to be faithful to its context. John 5:16-47 is Jesus’ response to the Jews’ charge against breaking the Sabbath by healing the invalid man and commanding him to pick up his bedding and walk.[1] Jesus gives only one argument for His defense and that is His deity: He declares equality with God. The first section (vv. 16-23) is Jesus explaining His relationship to the Father. The second section declares His authority with the Father (vv. 24-30). In the last section, Jesus defends His deity by four faithful witnesses (vv 31-47).

The fourth commandment is to remember the Sabbath Day and to keep it holy. God commanded that violating the Sabbath was punishable by death. The Sabbath issue was rightfully very important to the Jews; however, they had made it unbearable by adding their own traditions from the oral law.

My Father has been working until now, and I have been working...” No work was to be done on the Sabbath, but Jesus declared that as God the Father continues to “work”, so also the Son continues to work. Psalm 121:4 states that God neither slumbers nor sleeps as He keeps watch over Israel.

“Therefore the Jews sought all the more to kill Him, because He not only broke the Sabbath, but also said that God was His Father, making Himself equal with God...” Jesus’ claim was blasphemous to these Jews and that incited them to begin to plot His murder.

Most assuredly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He sees the Father do; for whatever He does, the Son also does in like manner...” Jesus statement is descriptive, not prescriptive. Jesus is describing His relationship to the Father in the context of His deity—His Godhood. Within this context, Jesus is not prescribing or giving instruction to us that we must do the same thing that He does.

Jesus then specifically tells us what the “work” is that He sees the Father do: “For as the Father raises the dead and gives life to them, even so the Son gives life to whom He will.” This is the greater work that is described: “...He will show Him greater works than these, that you may marvel.

“...For as the Father raises the dead and gives life to them, even so the Son gives life to whom He will.  For the Father judges no one, but has committed all judgment to the Son...” Notice that Jesus states that He Himself will judge rather than the Father.
Verses 21-22 refer to two major ‘works’ that Jews recognized God continued to perform on the Sabbath – giving life (as children were born) and exercising judgment (as people died).[2]

Observations and Insights
Several years ago, a popular teaching arose from John 5:19 that just like Jesus saw what His Father was doing, we also are to watch what God is doing in the world and join Him. But keeping this passage within its rightful context teaches exactly the opposite. Only Jesus could do that because the Son is in the Father; the Father is in the Son; they are one. (John 17) It is not as if Jesus is looking and watching God do something and then copying Him. The Father and the Son have perfect equality and unity of nature.

Another popular teaching current today is that Jesus did all His works (miracles) as a man filled with the Holy Spirit; therefore, we also can (in fact, must) be filled with the Spirit to do everything that Jesus did. Reading this passage in its context refutes both of these teachings.

We cannot be in the Father as Jesus was to do miracles today because Jesus in fact is God in flesh as a man, the Son. The greater “work” that Jesus is proclaiming here-within context-is His authority to give eternal life which He would ultimately purchase on the cross.  It is His “cross-work”.

Of course we most certainly must obey Jesus’ command to preach the Gospel and make disciples. Doing so requires that we give of ourselves, serving, teaching, and doing a variety of good works to glorify God. However, requiring believers to somehow “see God” doing things to determine where and how to minister in order to guarantee success is a great misinterpretation of this passage. It creates a great spiritual burden to “see” or “hear” God, and creates condemnation when an effort fails or we see no fruit. Additionally, it causes believers to make judgment calls as to whether God is “doing something” in a particular situation or working in an individual’s heart.

I am a simple sheep just like those I serve. I know that my own heart is deceitful above all and desperately wicked. It yearns for “self” to be validated and affirmed even when I am wrong. No one can know the heart of another; we can only know our own hearts. (1 Corinthians 2:11). We put ourselves in a very dangerous place when we claim that we can see what God is doing in others’ hearts.

We honor the Father and the Son when we believe and proclaim His Word. May we never cease to marvel at the greatest work that Jesus did on our behalf to purchase our salvation.


[1] This is followed by two more incidents in which Jesus challenges the Sabbath rules (Matthew 12:1-14).
[2] Blomberg, Craig. The Historical Reliability of John’s Gospel. 2001, InterVarsity Press, Downers Grove, IL; p. 114 as quoted at: http://notunlikelee.wordpress.com/2011/12/17/greater-works-shall-you-do/comment-page-1/#comment-12104

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